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Introducing the Pimsleur Approach! This is the trick for your brain to learn a new language extremely fast. Discover how you can start speaking a new language in just 10 days using this sneaky linguistic secret. Below is a presentation on how the Pimsleur Approach works. Please take the time to watch it to learn why this system is so fast and effective! Click to watch the presentation!

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If all the governments and the international bodies, such as WIPO, pay more effort to make sure that public interests do not lost in the shuffle of the media giants while the public users conform with the local and international copyright laws, there will be a brighter future for everyone to be satisfied with the idea of harmony between the copyright and the free flow of intellectual property.This chapter first enlightens definition of traditional food. Many researchers in previous studies define traditional food in many ways of thoughts. Generally, traditional food is connected with locality, whether from its ingredients, method, formulation or people who handle it. As well, some researchers address traditional food has a strong relationship with cultural and heritage of the place whereby it is produced. In addition, authenticity is an important element that contributes to the uniqueness of traditional food. As traditional food embraces culture and heritage instead of relating to authenticity hence it gives a lot of advantages to tourism industry within the country. Terengganu is chosen as a state within Malaysia, which represents the variety traditional foods that contain the elements of authenticity. Lastly, explanations about traditional food, authenticity, relationship between food and tourism along with Terengganu as an authentic food representative in Malaysia will be discussed a detail in this chapter. 2.2 Definition of Traditional Food Food is commonly acknowledged as something that contains nutritional values which beneficial to human health. On the other hand, Bassiere (1998) defined food as a component of physio-logical, psycho-sensorial, social, hygienic, and symbolic environment. The author symbolized food in different guises whereby as: (a) basis of fantasy and symbolic virtues (bread, wine and dark blood of the game); (b) communication (food sharing influence social link), class marker (champagne, wine, caviar or tripe); and (c) emblem of culinary heritage. In terms of traditional food, Iglesias et al. (2003) defined it as food which is fully elaborated from traditional ways of processing or transformation methods by using traditional raw materials. In addition, traditional food also links to natural processing, convey from one generation to another, highly connected with specific occasions, specifically made according to gastronomic heritage and construct the organoleptic properties related to specific areas (Claret et al., 2003). Indeed, findings by Kuznesof et al. (1997) characterized traditional food as food specific to a region, poorer people food, flavor of the area, whatever the locals eat, old fashioned food and home cooked food. Likewise, Dilis et al. (2006) highlighted traditional food as nutritious and palatable for consumption based on their study who proven that Mediterannean’s traditional foods is not only function to enrich nutrients in a diet but at the same time elucidate important cultural heritage elements of Mediterranean. Alcock (1995) also commented traditional food serves people healthy and extremely nutritious food and cuisine. In Mallorca, one of the islands in the Balearics, Spain around Franco’s era (1939-1975), unexpected revival of traditional food has happened. There are to seem many attractions of up-market clientele and promoting a more stylish image of traditional foods. Many restaurants serve authentic Mallorcan food and most bakeries operated in a traditional manner. Nevertheless, Claret et al. (2003) revealed that there are some challenges in order to define the true concept of traditional food as many literatures portrayed different views. The reasons for this situation, firstly, because the continuum of traditional food is continuously growing a time to time and later the boundaries in classifying traditional food become dim. Besides that, people tend to classify and call traditional food product with variety names such as ‘regional food’ (Bressire, 1998; Gustafsson et al., 2005; Kuznesof et al., 1997), ‘local food’ (Buller and Morris, 2008; Chen-Tsang and Jeou-Shyan, 2011) and ‘traditional agro-food’ (Iglesias et al., 2003). Consequently, the interval of characteristics of traditional food becomes wider and leads to the difficulty in defining the true concept. On top of that, different individuals have dissimilar preferences and motivations toward choices in consumption of traditional food. Essentially, traditional food is such an important medium in order to acknowledge the country’s image, culture, locality and heritage throughout the world. Thus, there is a need for citizens and food industries to maintain and enhance the traditional food industry to sustain them in the global market. As Gustafsson et al. (2005) interpreted traditional food as a product related with a region and lying between cultural heritage and food production which portrayed a contemporary expression. Brassiere (1998) also reviewed individual who eat traditional food can built nutritional psycho-sensorial of the food, personify the nature, identity and emblematically integrate the culture. Long time ago, traditional food only been commercialized in small scale and includes certain places only. Lack of knowledge, technology and interest especially from food industries caused the traditional food market cannot sustain because it needs to compete with the variety of convenience foods and foreign foods in the market. According to Claret et al. (2010), it is inspected in many countries, traditional or local food production mostly realized by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Thus, it is proven in the previous study that before this time traditional food has limited commercialization in the market. Even so, traditional food trend and consumption are seemed to change due to the globalization world with vast information access, closer market, change of consumer lifestyle and food preferences and later drives producers to search for innovative products (Erdogan and Mevhibe, 2010). In the same way, Alcock (1995); and Iglesias et al. (2003) stressed today there is high attention towards traditional food due to food trend and demand. Meanwhile, Claret et al. (2010) highlighted there are not only producers, industries and government that have increased interest of traditional food but also the retailers and consumers. From the consumer’s outlook, the concern is spawned through the positive product images and value whereby it could give high contentment for them (Iglesias et al., 2003). Besides that, Abdul et al. (2011) suggested processing of traditional food is need to be purified according to societal needs. Nevertheless, producers at the same time must consider the originality of the traditional food and not to destroy the authenticity value so that consumer’s appreciation towards the product will be increased. Therefore, preservation of traditional food is needed as it is an important element of culture and heritage (Erdogan and Mevhibe, 2010) as well as it holds tight meanings and successfully emerged the national culinary image of a country (Chen-Tsang and Jeou-Shyan, 2011). 2.3 Consumer Behavior towards Traditional Food Understanding of consumer behavior and perception towards traditional food is crucial in order to guide strategic and policy decisions as well as assist those products in marketing (Kuznesof et al. 1997). From a profound study of consumer behavior of traditional agro-food product by Iglesias et al. (2003), there is a strong positive relationship between individual’s attitude and quality perceptions toward traditional food. It is proven in the study that individual who has a favorable tendency toward traditional food product pose higher perceptions in each quality element of the product. The authors also stressed that quality aspect relates to organoleptic characteristics of the product, symbolic connotation from the product as well as adoption of traditional production technique should be concerned in order to raise perceived image quality of traditional food. Besides that, it is important for local food producers to be aware of all of these to ensure they are not just providing food but in time together with symbolic benefits such as shows the identity and unique value of the local food. Although from the study, it is found that consumer satisfaction is dependent so much from functional dimension of food quality, but it is essential to bear in mind that characteristics of food actually could give indirect influence on satisfaction of the consumers. Last but not least, definition of traditional food is exactly not fixed to one point only. It might be the different concept for different group of peoples. Furthermore, the concept of traditional food might depends on individual who might overview the elements in traditional food differently as consumer’s perception is a subjective matter and it regularly fluctuates over time (Claret et al., 2003). 2.4 Definition of Authenticity There are about four required dimensions so as to classify the concept of traditional food: (a) the food produced must carry out the traditional method of processing; (b) show the authentic value of the food and link together the ingredients, recipe, origin of the raw materials and production process; (c) the food must be already available in the market starting during the ancient time either been commercialized in retail stores or restaurants; and (d) the product should have its own originality and valuable in culture and gastronomic heritage on the place where it is produced (Claret et al., 2003). From the study, the authors also highlighted some important elements to define the concept of traditional food such as authenticity of the product, locality, food has been consumed from ancient time, food for occasions, events and season, and others. As the result, there is a strong positive contribution of authentic characters in the definition of traditional food. The original term of authenticity means realness and originality of a product or thing (Molleda, 2011). As Malaysians are multiracial, there are many authentic foods which come from every region in the country. Those popular authentic foods have shown a unique cultural heritage of Malaysia and its help much in food industry. Malaysia is turning out to be a place for tourists to search authentic food experiences (Abdul et al., 2011). Ab Karim and Chi (2010) stressed that authentic food can trigger an individual’s desire to visit the specific travel destinations. Additionally, previous studies stated that there is a positive relationship between authenticity and individual experience. Jeroen and Louise (2008) justified that distinction arises between experiencing authenticity and authentic experience.

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She argues that the poor, despite their limited economic resources, try to follow dominant American cultural practices, in order to express their membership in society, and food is seen as a tool to "eat oneself into the middle class". On he other hand, there are strong cultural beliefs that the poor "should eat differently because they are different." She shows how the poor try to overcome deprivation by buying popular and heavily advertized junk food, which however damages them more than the affluent who are able to afford both junk food and nutritious food and thus balance its negative effects. Similarly, the poor families she has studied regard food and drink as important to social interaction, as others do. Thus, visits are always accompanied by gestures of offering food, and additionally many families depend on informal reciprocal networks of food sharing. Fitchen explains attitudes toward poor in the context of the American ideology that the individual shapes its destiny, and that poverty hence is the condition of individuals, not of society. Thus, a common myth, which also impacts government policy, is that hunger is the fault of the poor, who are regarded being lazy and feeding themselves wrongly. Being poor and eating a steak is considered culturally "inappropriate" behavior, because it violates the statement of how things ought to be, it transgresses the definition of being poor, and is interpreted as the proof that the poor are living in luxury. Fitchen’s study reveals how a poor buying a steak with a food stamp mocks our sense of social order that demands separation of rich and poor. Since this book comprises 28 papers, covering a range of regions and periods, it is a remarkable collection of different approaches to food. If one might find some of them less appealing, they can be skipped by the reader since there are still enough left. Even one who is not particularly interested in food could find the book useful, since it deals in general with cultural meaning, symbolism, political economy, gender, and consumption. I liked especially the papers that dealt with the roots of thinness, since it is such a prevailing paradigm today in many parts of the world, and so heavily promoted by the media as an almost ahistorical and essential ideal. The book shows how bodily dysfunctions can be approached with cultural terms and further examines how access to food is a marker of power and how food can be used as a tool for manipulation and social control. It also provides a broad range of methodology: from fieldwork to historical approaches. Most grocery stores now sell food products labeled organic due to the increase of demand. Organic food became popular in the 1990’s and has since remained a trend. Although there are more and more supermarkets stocking organic food products on their shelves, non-organic food products seem to outnumber the amount of organic food products. Organic food products are labeled with a green and brown sticker that says USDA ORGANIC. When most Americans see this label they think that what they are buying is better than the average product. But do they have any proof that organic is better? For some reason all a product needs is a little sticker that says organic, and people automatically believe that it is healthier. No one ever stops to ask what this sticker means. Instead they just trust that organic is healthier than the produce that is being sprayed with chemicals. The rise of organic food has created an illusion that organic food is healthier and has nutritional benefits that exceed those of conventional food products. What is organic food? To understand this illusion that the government creates, the definition of organic must be addressed. According to Robert Paarlberg, the author of Food Politics, organic foods are produced without any human-made (i.e., synthetic) fertilizers or pesticides instead organic farmers use composted animal manure and plant cover crops they can later turn into soil (Paarlberg, 139). This definition suggests that organic farming is not necessarily free of toxic chemicals, but that the chemicals used on organic farms are natural chemicals, or in other words, chemicals that appear in nature. Another definition of organic food is that it is produced by farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations (Preface, 1). Most people who grow or buy organic products link it to being green and environmentally friendly. If organic farmers are not using fertilizers or pesticides then less toxic fumes are going into the air. Therefore, by buying organic products they are doing their part in creating a better place to live. Others, however, buy organic food because they think that organic is more nutritious. Healthier or Not? There is no evidence that organic food products are healthier than conventionally grown food. According to Samuel Fromartz, the author of Organic, Inc., ninety percent of ‘frequent’ organic buyers think that they’re buying better ‘health and nutrition’ (Organic, 1). Ninety percent of people believe this because this is what they are told from others around them. Like most things organic food has its limitations as well. In the book Controversies in Food and Nutrition, the authors state that organic foods are not necessarily healthful or safe. A high-fat food that is made form organic products remains high in fat (Goldstein &ump; Goldstein, 197). Being organic does not make a difference in how much fat a product contains. Although organic might mean that there are no non-natural chemicals used in the production it does not mean that it is healthy. Goldstein quotes Galleghar, the author of a magazine article in Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine, you can buy organic chocolate bars, ice cream and cookies-all made with ingredients that are pesticide-, chemical-, antibiotic- and hormone-free- but they’ll be laden with fat, sugar and calories (Galleghar, 81-82). Galleghar argues a strong point, because organic defines how the ingredient was grown or produced, not the amount of fat, sugar, or calories it has. Thus, organic food is not healthier than non-organic food. Organic food does not provide any remarkable nutritional benefit when compared to non-organic food. In the opinion of Dr. Alan Dangour, a doctor interviewed by Karen McVeigh, ‘there’s no good evidence that consumption of organic food is beneficial to health based on the nutrient content’, he also states that while small differences were found between organic and conventionally produced food, they were ‘unlikely to be of any public health relevance’ (McVeigh, 7). These quotations suggest that although there may be a slight difference between organic and conventional food products, it is not of any importance to society, therefore the government does not publish this information. The United States Department of Agriculture claims organic produce will contain much lower levels of agrochemical residues than conventionally produced food . Lower levels of agrochemical residue sounds like a good thing. However, how much of a difference do these lower levels make? The website also states that measured residues on most products, both organic and non-organic, do not exceed government-defined thresholds for safe consumption. Despite the fact that the residue on organic food may be less than the residue on nonorganic food neither of them exceed government regulations. However, the USDA might be conservative in their estimates of how much is safe due to pressures from the pesticide industry. The USDA seems to say that the only important aspect about the food we eat is that it has passed government regulations, therefore, we should not worry about the issue of safety any more. Local Farms? Another effect organic food has on society is the belief that organic food comes from small, local farms. In the article Paradise Sold: What Are You Buying When You Buy Organic? published in The New Yorker, Steven Shapin a Professor of science at Harvard states that, much of the organic produce on the market comes from large farms turning a huge profit from the organic label (Shapin, 1). Because of the increase in demand for organic food, big farming corporations grow organic produce in order to create more capital for themselves. It is important to know that organic does not mean local, and local food does not mean organic. For example, supermarkets like Whole Foods, or Trader Joe’s are very big businesses. In order to stock the shelves of a place like Whole foods a small local farm would not be able to carry out the job, instead big organic retailers need big organic suppliers such as Earthbound Farm. Earthbound is one of the nation’s largest growers of organic produce. Their greens are produced on giant farms in six different counties in California, two in Arizona, on in Colorado, and in three Mexican states (Organic, 1). When a company produce comes from more than one place the piece of produce can no longer be considered local. Thus, the illusion that organic food comes from neighborhood farms is entirely false. Escherichia coli Much like conventional food, organically grown foods can carry bacteria. Author Robert Paarlberg writes, in 2006, bagged fresh spinach from a California farm in its final year of converting to organic certification was the source of E. coli infections in the United States that killed at least three and sickened hundreds (Paarlberg, 145). Although organic food may have a special sticker, which makes consumers think that the product is safer to eat, there are examples of organic food not being safe to consume. Myrna and Mark Goldstein, the authors of Controversies in Food and Nutrition seem to agree with the above claim because they state that, the manure that organic farmers may use could contain bacteria. ‘The only real difference between organic and nonorganic food is in the growing- and that’s not a big enough difference to protect your health from bacteria’ (Goldstein, 198). Due to the fact that the growing process is the only difference between organic and nonorganic foods, the risk for E. coli is not any different between the two products. Knowing the truth about where our food comes from is important because the food that goes into our bodies affects our health and well-being. The illusion created by the organic sticker only creates false hope that organic food is healthier and has nutritional benefits that exceed those of conventional food products. While many people continue to assume that the organic seal means that the produce is healthier and safer, one should remember that the seal only indicates how the product was produced.

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Most people know that their bodies are made up of a great deal of water, but may b e surprised to learn that number is about 70 percent and yet studies show we don’t drink enough to replenish what we need.Other drinks to be sure, but water? Not even close.Emphasizing this point is a study conducted by Dr. Alyson Goodman for the Centers o f Disease Control and Prevention that suggests one in 10 Americans drinks no water every day.Zero.She calls these results mindbo ggling.Water is vital for life, says Goodman. Many health risks decrease when you drink plain water.Goodman believes that the no n-water drinkers are getting their water from coffee, sodas, food and other sources, which might theoretically be okay, except f or the calories that are associated with those other liquids.According to Dr. Theodore A. Baroody, in order for a body to functi on well, it must have water, and in order for it to function properly, it must continuously work to maintain a proper pH or chem ical balance.To this end, the benefits of drinking water can’t be measured (preventing dehydration chief among them), however, a dding alkaline water to a diet already rich in nutrient dense foods can help maintain a body’s pH balance, as well as aid in avo iding cancer, weak bones, premature aging and fatigue.An unbalanced pH can force your body to borrow important minerals from you r vital organs and bones in order to remove excess acid, Baroody says.Water such as Alkame Water not only helps regulate these i mportant pH balances in the body, but can boost the immune system, improve cardio-respiratory function and enhance energy levels . It even fights oxidative stress and free radicals.Unlike its tap and bottled counterparts, Alkame Water goes through a process called micro-clustering, in which the molecules that make up water are broken up into smaller clusters, allowing body cells to absorb the water much faster, and in turn hydrate you more efficiently.If someone were to ask me, ‘What is the one thing I can d o to have better health?’ Then the answer would be simple: Start drinking alkaline, ionized water, says Dr. Robert O. Young, PhD , author of the The pH Miracle.It’s the inevitable question we’re asked by our families and ourselves: What’s for dinner?Unfortu nately for most, busy schedules make answering this question harder than it needs to be. That’s why Cook’s Ham, a top brand of h am in the U.S., developed Cook’s Everyday Cuts great tasting smaller portion ham options that are perfect for effortless weekn ight dinners that your whole family will enjoy. Cook’s knows that today’s hectic lifestyles call for fast, flavorful an d affordable meal solutions. And because everyone likes a little change of pace, Everyday Cuts comes in a variety of options, in cluding Ham Chops and Ham Medallions.Whether it’s seasoned or glazed, straight from the package, warmed in the oven, microwaved or grilled, Everyday Cuts will help you have delicious meals on the table faster than you can say who’s hungry?! Everyday Cuts c an be enjoyed on their own with your favorite side dish or as an ingredient in your favorite recipes.For starters, try Ham Chops and Scalloped Potatoes for your next dinner and watch your family’s delight grow with every forkful.HAM CHOPS AND SCALLOPED POT ATOES1 package (12 ounces) Cook’s Everyday Cuts Ham Chops4 cups frozen shredded hash brown potatoes1 can (10 3/4 ounces) condens ed cream of mushroom soup2 tablespoons finely chopped red onion1 cup (4 ounces) shredded cheddar cheese1/2 cup (2 ounces) shredd ed Swiss cheesePreparation:Heat oven to 375 degrees F. Combine hash browns, soup and onion in greased 9x9x2-inch baking dish.Spr inkle top with cheddar cheese. Arrange ham chops on top of cheese in a single layer.Cover and bake at 375 degrees F for 30 minut es. Remove cover, sprinkle Swiss cheese over chops. Return to oven for an additional 15 minutes.Cook’s Everyday Cuts ham chops, medallions and steaks always make for a great dinner dish that’s convenient to serve the whole family. Add fruit, veggies, potat oes or bread, and a well-rounded meal is ready. Best of all, everyone will think you spent hours whipping it up.Over the last se veral years, planning for retirement has been anything but simple. Market uncertainty, lower real estate prices and for some, jo b loss or stagnant salaries, have made saving and investing for a sound financial future more challenging than ever. That’s wher e a financial professional comes into play.A financial professional can help you save, invest and grow your money, while protect ing what matters to you your family, a business or standard of living. But, how do you find a financial professional that’s a good fit for you?1. Start by considering his or her philosophy and approach to retirement planning. In today’s tenuous financial environment, a professional who believes permanent life insurance plays a critical role in a financial plan should be a strong consideration.Permanent life insurance provides a guaranteed safety net, should the unthinkable happen. A death benefit can give you peace of mind that your family or business is properly protected. Plus, the cash accumulation potential of permanent life i nsurance can be used to launch a second career, pay for a grandchild’s education or supplement retirement revenue streams. Perma nent life insurance also allows other elements of a financial plan, such as annuities, investments or disability insurance, to d o their job.*2. Make sure the financial professional has the proper education and training. Here are the top credentials to look for:* Chartered Life Underwriter (CLU) an insurance designation often held by those who specialize in life insurance and esta te planning and given by The American College, a nonprofit dedicated to educating individuals in financial services.* Certified Financial Planner (CFP) a designation given and governed by the Certified Finacial Planner Board of Standards.* Chartered Fina ncial Consultant (ChFC) a designation on par with the CFP, also given by The American College.3. Make certain you hav e a good comfort level with the financial professional, and how they communicate with clients. You can do this by scheduling an in-person meeting, preferably at their office, to ask the following questions:* What is your approach to retirement planning?* H ow often will I have the opportunity to meet in person to make sure my plan can adjust as my life evolves?* What is the average length of your relationships with clients?* Will you offer options and help me compare risks, costs and benefits?* How will you communicate with me about my finances?While the message these days is loud and clear that we need to eat more fruits and vegetab les, and less artificial, processed foods, the question remains: How do you accomplish this on a budget?The problem is that cost and convenience still play a role for families already stretched thin on time and money, and in turn, affect what goes into the shopping cart.Because of this conundrum, many adults in America are sacrificing their health and lacking essential nutrients li ke calcium, fiber, magnesium, and vitamins A, C and D, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.Experts, however, say i t is possible to eat better and still stay within your financial plan.Really, it’s about all these new wonderful foods that will enter your world, says Brenda Langton, owner of Cafe Brenda in Minneapolis and a natural food expert. Embrace it and have fun w ith it, enjoy it and reap it’s rewards.To this end, fresh produce and fruit juice can fill in where vitamins are missing, and fr ozen juice concentrates can be an affordable alternative to busy families on the go.Research shows that good nutrition can help lower people’s risk for many chronic diseases, says Christine Pfeiffer, the lead researcher in the Division of Laboratory Scienc es in the CDC’s National Center for Environmental Health.Taiha Wagner, a practical nurse, lifestyle educator and president of Ju st One Bite Inc., in Eden Prairie, Minn., agrees.I encourage people to merge their food and health care budgets because [eating well] is preventive health care, she says. ... [D]o you want to pay on the front end and have a good quality of life and stay ac tive, or do you want to pay on the back end for illness and care?Innovative juice manufacturers like Old Orchard Brands are brid ging the vitamin gap by offering better-for-you, affordable options such as its new line of Fresh & Veggie frozen concentrates. These new juices merge carrots, sweet potatoes and beets with peaches, mangoes, blueberries and other favorites to provide a ful l serving of fruit and vegetables at a cost of less than $.50 per serving.For kids, the leading juice manufacturer also offers a line of bottled juices featuring 50 percent less sugar, just 60 calories per serving and the full recommended daily amount of v itamin C. What do you treasure most under your roof?That’s the question causing some buzz on Facebook these days, and t he answers along with the sometimes funny corresponding photos from homeowners probably say more about Americans than any go vernment survey ever could.Perhaps predictably, family, dogs and cats got lots of thumbs-up not necessarily in that order bu t it’s the other responses that are at least as revealing.For S.J. Williams of Vail, Ariz., it’s his ’69 Chevrolet Longbed Steps ide truck. It’s been in my family for 25 years and is the last of a 24-car collection.For Lori Magelky of West Fargo, N.D., it’s a signed baseball by New York Yankees legends Mickey Mantle and Roger Maris. I met both when I was in high school, and I gradua ted from the same high school as Maris.And for Troy Alringer of Tonawanda, N.Y., it’s his Star Wars models collection. Built the se myself. Added the lights.It’s all part of a new Protect What You Treasure Most campaign by GAF, North America’s largest roofi ng manufacturer, that’s aimed at changing the way people think about their roofs. It’s not just a functional piece of the home t hat keeps out weather and the elements, says Alyssa Hall, the company’s marketing communications manager. It’s also a structure that protects everything people value inside their houses.Indeed. And to make that point even clearer, those who use the company ’s social app (which links directly to Facebook) to upload their own such photos and/or videos will be entered in weekly giveawa ys of $100 Home Depot gift cards with one lucky grand-prize winner chosen in October 2013 to win a $2,000 shopping spree at th e megastore.Some of my earliest memories are of being in the kitchen with my grandma. While listening to her stories, I didn’t e ven realize I was learning. I started to make connections between feeling good and eating well and have found incredible joy in the kitchen ever since.I believe time spent in the kitchen together helps children develop healthy habits, and families create d eep bonds. Which is why I’m excited to be a part of the Uncle Ben’s Ben’s Beginners Cooking Contest, which encourages parents to cook with their children and help establish healthy eating habits from a young age.Ben’s Beginners is inviting parents with chi ldren in grades K-8 to submit home videos of their family preparing a rice-based dish and discussing their experience of cooking together for the chance to win $15,000 cash, a $30,000 cafeteria makeover for their child’s school and more. Nearly every day, in my restaurants and in my home, I am reminded of the unique power of good food to bring people together. Join me in teaching t he next generation to respect what we put in our bodies and celebrating healthy food together!Fully Loaded Summer Spiced Rice2 t ablespoons olive oil1 clove garlic, chopped1/2 cup fresh corn cut from the cob1/2 teaspoon coriander1/2 teaspoon paprikaUncle Be n’s Rice2 chopped tomatoes1 scallion chopped2 tablespoons chopped cilantro1/2 avocado dicedJuice from 1 lemonCanned coconut milk 1/2 teaspoon salt1/2 teaspoon pepperHeat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the garlic, corn, coriander, pap rika and rice, toasting for about 3 minutes.Replace half of the water recommended by the Uncle Ben’s packaging with canned cocon ut milk, and add both to the skillet, and let simmer for 5 minutes. Turn off the heat and let it sit. Fold in the tomat o, cilantro, scallion, avocado and lemon juice. Season with salt and pepper, and serve with grilled shrimp or chicken.Marcus Sam uelsson is an Ethiopian born, Swedish-raised chef, a bestselling author and has appeared on Top Chef, Iron Chef America, The Nex t Iron Chef and Chopped.Some engineering experts believe mechanical engineers are advocates for international sustainability. At the very least, while some fully embrace and others cautiously test the waters, a sustainable consciousness is surfacing in the occupation.In a survey conducted by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) in collaboration with the engineering s oftware firm Autodesk, 87 percent of the professional and student respondents revealed their interest in sustainable practices a nd designs. Furthermore, mechanical engineers (MEs) displayed a professional interest in sustainability along with a personal in vestment. Sustainability is clearly establishing itself as part of the mechanical engineering culture, says Thomas Loughlin, exe cutive director at ASME. Some 75 percent of the engineers surveyed suggested that their organizations are involved, or even extr emely involved, in sustainability. This is another example of the vision and commitment of engineers around the world to improve the quality of life for all.Loughlin isn’t the only one who believes that embracing sustainable practices should be part of the gig. Many universities and engineering programs encourage practices that seek to use less energy, reduce emissions or use renew able or recycled materials.Some students and fresh graduates are very familiar with sustainable methods. The ASME survey, which polled nearly 2,000 ME students, found that more than 70 percent of students reported being extremely or somewhat involved with sustainable engineering.Engineering ethics courses discuss the social responsibilities of mechanical engineering, especially its ability to make an impact on global sustainability. Some professors argue the sustainable development framework supports the id ea that good engineering entails a level of environmental conscientiousness.Such concepts are applied in ASME efforts like Engin eering for Change, E4C, a project co-founded with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and Engineers Wit hout Borders-USA. By connecting local governments and activists with engineers, technologists and NGOs, E4C facilitates the crea tion and sharing of sustainable solutions to humanitarian challenges in communities around the world.The economic structure of T aiwan has been undergoing rapid changes in the recent thirty years. Taiwan has moved offshore from a labor-intensive industriali zed country to an export-oriented economy. With the concentration of capital and technology, and the rapid diversification of hi -tech professional services, the structure of Taiwan industries has also changed greatly since late 1970s. The total annual prod uction value accounted for by technology intensive industries has increased from 60 percent in mid 1980s to 75 percent in mid 19 90s. These figures are a clear indication of successful liberation and internationalization of Taiwan economy as a whol e. With the advanced technology and mass production of the computer hardware and software, new problems created for society by c omputer arose. In addition, as the cost of computer hardware declined, the importance of software increased: software is where t he action and the money are these days. The total world market for software is now approaching $100 billion a year. Partly as a result, copying computer programs, often referred as software piracy, has become a major growth industry. At the core of the glo bal copyright problem, Taiwan is one of the king of software piracy in Asia. The Business Software Association estimates that U. S. software companies lose over $800 million a year because of Taiwan software piracy. The newest threat to the software and mul timedia industries in Taiwan is the use of computers and the internet to illegally digitize and copy information, including soft ware, music, and movies. With the growth of Internet users populations, it has created a market for pirated products by making i llegal copies of the latest software programs, music, and movies available to anyone with a computer, anywhere in the world, at the click of a mouse. Other ways to trade copyright material, such as peer to peer sharing, have also challenged copyright law. Adequate Intellectual Property Right (IPR) protection is a vital element in the development of high technology, high value-added production, and the professional services. The government of Taiwan is fully aware of this fact. They understand that they must make revisions to its current copyright laws in order to strengthen the degree to which IPR is protected in Taiwan.

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Psychology The desire to have money is ingrained in people today as explained by Ventura (1995) when he said that money has become the absolute standard of access and status. This desire is evident in many fields not only in commerce but also in education, justice and art, etc. Along with this desire is also the need to be valued which is manifested through unconscious or half-conscious actions by making money felt in the different aspects of life. Ventura (1995) pointed out that money has even affected intimate relationships: as in couples fighting viciously over money and property during divorces; or in friendships as a contest of dominance in who will pick the bill. These examples illustrate that the desire to have more money which will gain the person more of the increasing benefits attached to it. It further shows that money works insidiously to fan the flames of desire and need that it becomes a motivation. Thus, people¡Šs lives today are inevitably revolving around making money in order to satisfy their momentarily need and desire, even though they are opposite to human and communal value of our work. These also touch another psychological aspect stated in Ventura (1995) ¡§money is, if not quite omnipotent, at least omnipresent¡š. Why do people have such different behaviours? Motivation is one of the explanations we use when we try to account for the variability of behaviour. Under virtually identical circumstances, variations in individual behaviour may be due to differences in motivation. People have a hierarchy of needs that determines their actions, from Maslow¡Šs Hierarchy of Needs (cited in Bartol, Tein, Matthews & Martin 2005, p.367), there are five needs presented in his famous Hierarchy of Needs pyramid (in decreasing importance order): Self-actualization, Esteem needs, Social needs, Security needs, Physiological needs. Say for example, ¡§I ate because I was hungry, I drank because I felt thirsty¡š it is simply at the lowest Physiological needs level so as to satisfy the basic human need. Unsatisfied needs is a force to motivate person to take actions, the higher the need, the less essential for survival, the longer it can be postponed. Different things appeals to different people, some employees might come to work for the paycheck, some of them for the friendships with colleagues, and some for the challenge of taking on difficult tasks. Not necessarily money, other factors could also motivate people, it depends on people¡Šs need. B. Management Organization is the strength of any business. The more organized and efficient the different components in the business are, the better it functions and produces. The use of money as motivation is stressed by Gellerman (1968) in the context of management as he explained that money can motivate people or influence action but only in the instance where the amount of money is considerably higher than the existing income of the person. This business culture has put money as a central motivator and held an ongoing belief that money indeed motivates people. It is partly true because there really are people who response to a financial incentive are predictable, such as improved sales for better commissions or faster work output to receive bigger bonuses are commonly seen in the organisation. Apart from money, Job Redesign serves both physiologically and psychologically to increase the motivation, job satisfaction and productivity of employees (Pinder, C. 1984, p.236). The methods include: i) Job Rotation to decrease boredom and acquire more skills and knowledge by assigning employees to work in different department in an organization; ii) Job Enlargement to promote challenge by increasing number of operations; iii) Job Enrichment to increase responsibility and accountability by allowing employees to make their own decisions at work, making them feel they can do what¡Šs being asked of. It is pretty sure to say that most people will feel motivated when they know they are making a contribution, being heard, doing something useful, receiving praise and acknowledgement and having their skills developed. Another perspective add to the argument is that money is not always the key to get better employee performance because there are other factors to be considered which affect the workplace. These other factors are organisational culture and leadership styles which were named in a study as reasons why people leave their companies (Skrobot, 2005). This shows that it¡Šs not all about the money. Employees are affected by numerous of reasons (such as, working environment, team morale, human relationship, etc.) and do not consider money as the only motivation for giving performance that meets the company standards. C. Education Student motivation is an important aspect in education as many students nowadays are being distracted which stop them pursuing an interest in learning in a formal setting. Traditionally, money is not the only motivation in education because the primary motivation is to gain knowledge and experience. This is shown in the active participation of students in learning experiences. However, it seems that today, money is becoming the sole motivation of students for learning because of the perception that a good academic performance will guarantee them access to jobs which will grant them the ability to make more money. In addition, it seems that without money as a motivation, academic performance would not improve as shown by the example below. Bishop (2004) studied the role of money and motivation in student learning through studying high school student exam program in Michigan. Some states in the US such as New Jersey and Texas have standard competency exams for their high school students, the very low passing marks serve to motivate the students to give their best performance; By contrast, the ones in New York and North Carolina increase student¡Šs motivation by offering incentives in exams and their outstanding achievement levels are highly recognised by colleges and universities. While in Michigan, the exam is intended to be challenging and the first step towards motivating students to do good is to include scores in the transcripts. The second is to offer student who scores at Level 1 or 2 the Michigan Merit Award which is a one year $2,500 scholarship. This amount is payable to those who will attend college in Michigan while a lower amount of $1,000 is applicable to those going out of state. There is obviously a marked improvement on exam scores as expected but it raises the question where the real motivation lies: money or the promise of future education? III. Conclusion As discussed in this paper, money is undeniably a motivation for many people today and almost everything have been quantified and viewed in terms of money. However, what people need is something extra, small but not money-related, is more than enough to feed their esteem and self-worth, so they can get up tomorrow and do the job in hand with enthusiasm and confidence. In psychology, money has become a motivation because of desire and the need to be valued. The effect of money is strong that can even break the intimate and social relationships between people. Having needs also motivate people to take different actions as stated in Maslow¡Šs Needs Theory.

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Adequate Intellectual Property Right (IPR) protection is a vital element in the development of high technology, high value-added production, and the professional services. The government of Taiwan is fully aware of this fact. They understand that they must make revisions to its current copyright laws in order to strengthen the degree to which IPR is protected in Taiwan. Over the years, Taiwan government has made progress, the Patent Law has undergone two revisions, the Trademark Law three revisions, and the Copyright Law five revisions. As for enforcement, apart from increasing the penalties for infringement of rights and increasing the power of Customs officials to inspect suspected counterfeit shipments, the MOEA has also created the Anti-Counterfeiting Committee with responsibility for processing charges of piracy. Awareness-raising and training in IPR issues have also been emphasized by the government over the last few years. Also as to keep up with the development of its hi-tech industries, Taiwan has continually upgraded its IP system to bring it in the line of international standards. Software Related Piracy Worldwide Ethical Issues Society becomes more dependent on computers and computer networks. We also become more and more vulnerable to computer misuse - that is, to misuse of computers and computer networks by human beings. It has created a wide range of social problems. Among them, software piracy is one of the most immediate problems need to be solved around the whole world. Large-scale piracy became common after the arrival of the personal computer and packaged software in the late 1970s. This development put hardware and software into hands of individuals at reasonable cost and enable them to perform several different tasks at the same time because a number of programs are integrated together on a single storage disk. Unfortunately, because the original versions of these software packages are very expensive, the temptation to pirate a copy has proved too much for million of users and would-be users. Many people claim that Asia is the king of coping. Software piracy is part of the way of life. Most estimates suggest that about 90% of all software in Taiwan, Hong Kong, China, and India has been copied. It is common practice Asia to purchase a computer complete with a variety of bootlegged programs already installed on the hard disk. Asian companies routinely buy one or two legitimate copies of a piece of software and duplicate hundreds of copies for their employees. Pirated software, music, and videos sell in the street markets for a fraction of the normal retail price. Most people in Asia see coping software as a legitimate way to cut costs and expenses. In China, copying of all Western software products has been condoned for years by their government. In recent case, thousands of fake holograms on counterfeit Microsoft software being sold from Taiwan was traced to a Chinese government-owned factory in the special Shenzen economic zone near Hong Kong. In 1991, China announced that it would join the Berne Convention, the international pact governing copyright protection, and in 1992 China agreed to U.S. demands that it outlaws the theft of software when it amended its copyright law. As a result, Microsoft entered the Chinese for the first time. However, doubts remained about what precisely both moves would mean in real terms. If mainland China is tops for the quantity of software copied, Taiwan is probably tops for quality. Long known as the counterfeiting capital of the world, Taiwan’s capital, Taipei, is home to master forgers who apparently are able to produce flawless copies of Western computer diskettes, packaging, movies, video games and even licensing agreements that have fooled all but expert computer company investigators. In Hong Kong, about seven or eight copies of well known packages are thought to exist for every legitimate copy sold, while the counterfeiting of goods of all kinds is estimated to be worth $1 billion a year to the Singapore economy alone. Meanwhile, in Thailand, where 97% of software has been copied, a recent Association of Thai Computer Industry survey put personal hardware sales at over three times of software sales. Although anti-piracy laws do exist in these countries, they are rarely successfully enforced and fines are usually minimal. Beside Asia, software related piracy problems are also serious in Middle Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Lotus claims to lose as much as $25 million annually in foregone revenue as a result of copying in the Middle East alone. In Latin America, pirate software programs are openly on sale in markets from Peru to. Anti-piracy laws are almost nonsexist, the local government seems unlikely to take legal actions to curb counterfeiting when know that the results are so rewarding. In the past, software was illegal in communist Eastern Europe because of the Western bans, but in the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall, IBM offered an amnesty to software pirates in the form of a modest fee to legalize all their pirate programs and an exchange service that enabled users to trade in their pirate program for legitimate purchased at a discount. Over the years, giant software companies have keep close eyes on the worldwide piracy issues, however they could do to prevent those piracy acts are too limited- and too costly. As a result, the U.S.-based Software Publishers’ Association (SPA) estimates that software piracy is costing U.S. software producers between $10 billion and $12 billion a year worldwide - part of an estimate $60 to $80 billion a year lost to U.S. companies through the theft of intellectual property of types. The idea of IPR has been around since the Middle Ages, and the current forms of legal protection have evolved over centuries. According to the Untied Nations’ Patent Office, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), intellectual property is defined as the rights to the results of intellectual activity in the industry, scientific, literary, or artistic. Generally speaking, copyright law has traditionally protected forms of literary expression. However, computer software is a new king of entity that presents major challenges for the law. Chief among these are how we define ownership of this form of intellectual property and how the rights of ownership can and should be protected. Current laws are outdated and confusing, especially those of Asian countries. In the past, IPR was considered a mere trifle in Taiwan, but now it has become a major issue as a result of increased concern for international IPR. The Taiwan Administration, Legislative, and the local industries held a number of strong debates on this subject. These debates also attracted the public’s attention. In this connection, both government and the public have started to realize the importance of IPR protection in Taiwan. Their attitudes towards this have changed from apathetic and passive to concerned and active. Today, Taiwan starts to provide a better and more effective environment for copyright protection. Now that Taiwan is off the U.S. 301 Watch List and has made the amendments to its laws required for entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), Taiwan is more ready to face obstacles in preventing the piracy and understand that it is the obligation of every member of the international community to confront the problems. Laws in Taiwan Taiwan began to seek admission to the GATT in 1990. The GATT regarded Taiwan as a developed economic body because its economic strength at its application. In this connection, they set the same deadline for Taiwan to adjust its intellectual property system as that of other GATT or WTO developed countries. In this regards, Taiwan government promptly adjusted the legislation and revised its copyright laws in accordance with the international trend. In order to meet the international standard, Taiwan Legislation has comprehensively revised the Copyright Law in 1992 as follows: 1. Has clear and concise. 2. Complies with international conventions and treaties. The Copyright Law protects works of both Taiwan and foreign origin on the basis of reciprocity. 3. Expressly provides both moral rights and economic rights. Moral right include the rights of public release, attribution, and integrity. 4. Meets international standards for the term of protection. The Law extends the term of copyright to life of the author plus 50 years, or 50 years after the date of the first publication of a work. 5. Seeks to harmonize social and public interests with the rights of authors and copyright owners through an expanded chapter on fair use. In terms of enforcement, various government departments have adopted number of measures to assist the copyright holders in enforcing their rights in infringement cases. For examples: To prevent the unauthorized import of copyright goods, the Directorate General of Customs has established a set of guidelines pursuant to the Copyright Law. Authorized importers are listed in the customs database, and good imported by these companies will be allowed to clear. Where the importer is not listed as authorized, the local representative of the copyright owner will be notified, and if the goods are not licensed, the importer will be required to return the goods to the exporting country. Also, in order to prevent the export of infringing computer software products, the government has implemented an export administration system since the end of 1992. Under the system, registration, verification, and examinations on 14 categories of products that contain computer programs are required. The products inspected included computers, printers, and video game machines. While multimedia technology improves daily, its intellectual property problems proportionally increase. Due to the complexity and potential impact of multimedia issues, the Industrial Technology Department of Ministry of Economic Affairs retained the Institute for Information Industry (III) to study and develop solutions to assist industry in overcoming difficulties encountered in product development. The Multimedia Research Project conducted under the III has been conducting a study of the legal protection of multimedia in two different phases: 1. First Phase - Identifying problems and the Publication of the Guidelines for the Legal Protection of Multimedia. The multimedia companies are being visited in order to find out the most common problems firms are facing in their development of multimedia programs. The result of the first phase of research were complied and published as Guidelines for the Legal Protection of Multimedia. The book is in a question-answer format and provides information on about 90% of the most commonly faced problems by Taiwanese multimedia firms. In addition, the topics are arranged in a flowchart through the development of multimedia products: the planning stage, the drafting of the script, the collection of materials, manufacture, and the sales. 2. Second Phase - Proposal for Revisions to Multimedia Copyright Legislation. The III issued a list of recommendations to revise the Copyright Law to protect multimedia. The recommendations include copyright problems stemming from digital technology. With the reference materials collected from the Untied States, Japan, England, and Germany, the III in put forth several recommendations for the revision of the Copyright Law in August 1995: 1. Revise the definition of Reproduction. Article 3(5) of the Copyright Law defines Reproduction as printing, copying, sound recording, video recording, photographing, transcribing, or other tangible reproductions. 2. Add digital Work as a work eligible for multimedia protection. 3. Multimedia copyright owners may agree not to enforce certain moral rights. 4. The owners of digital works should enjoy the same economic rights, such as, rental, reproduction, public recitation, presentation, performance, and broadcasting. 5. Terms of protection for digital works should be 50 years as well. There is no doubt that Taiwan government has paid lots of effort in the reformation to its copyright system. However, while this progress has been well recognized by the international community, protection for works of foreign nationals is based on reciprocity. Due to the current diplomatic situation, only a limited number of countries and territories, such as the U.S., U.K., Switzerland, Hong Kong, Spain, and Korea have copyright relations with Taiwan. That is to say, of more than 180 countries in the world, only six of them have reciprocal copyright relation with Taiwan. Global Effect An International Twist to Copyright Taiwan government tries its best to conform its Copyright Law to international Standard. With the active participation and application to join the WTO, Taiwan will have to comply with and will enjoy the benefits of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In preparation for WTO accession, a draft amendment law has been prepared. These amendments of the Copyright Law will be processed together with the Omnibus Bill for the Amendment of Relevant Laws for Taiwan’s Accession to the WTO in the coming legislative session. With the exception of retroactive protection issues that are still being clarified, this amendment has been reviewed and approved by the Cabinet. They will be given priority status in the legislative process. Beside Taiwan, other foreign governments also concern with the U.S. dominance of the Internet and the cultural influence of the U.S.-based media companies are bringing with their borders. They are wary about how the Western domination of Global copyright policies will affect them. Many countries know they will need to rely on foreign investment and expertise to develop software and Internet technologies and reap the benefit of the information age, but they are also very concerned about maintaining their political, social, and cultural rights and sovereignty. In terms of international copyright issues, it is very difficult to maintain the delicate balance between protecting authors and inventors and the free flow of ideas and information among common users. Advocates of increased protection for copyrighted work argue that advancements in technology have upset the balance that existed before the digital age. They claim that in order to make the Internet safe for international commerce and expressive activities, laws need to be tightened to add protection for copyrighted works. Copyright holders assert that the digital technologies unfairly place their economic interests in danger. To restore the balance, they insist on modifying copyright law to reestablish the balance as it existed before the Internet. Through extensive lobbying efforts in Congress, copyright holders have attempted to influence legislation in the U.S., and have extended their efforts oversea to create increased domestic and global protection for their products. Opponents argue that new copyright regulations will only extend the reach of corporation into cyberspace where new laws will unnecessarily restrict access to information. Instead of protecting the status quo, critics say giant software and media companies have banded together and represented their interests to governing bodies, such as WIPO, without public input and exclusive of the general users in the negotiations. Other controversial developments in international copyright law occurred in December 1996, at the WIPO meeting in Geneva. At the conclusion of the conference, public interest groups were still troubled about a copyright management provision of the proposed treaty that called for adequate and effective legal remedies against parties who violate or allow others to violate copyright protection system. Most conference participants, including the Clinton Administration, representatives for the online industry and copyright owners, expressed satisfaction with the outcome. The conference was heavily bias for U.S. corporate interests, including Time Warner, Viacom, and The Walt Disney Company, for whom international copyright is critical. Conclusion Addressing copyright issues in an electronic age represents a huge challenge. The size and scope of the copyright problems are unlikely anything society has dealt with in the past. The basic question is how to design frameworks that will protect access and fair use while ensuring that the incentive to produce and make intellectual and artistic work available in the Cyberspace. Too much regulation in either direction could have disparaging results.

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Langs theoretical framework is centered upon the evolution of a strong retailer in food issues, effectively delinking producers from consumers, shaping consumer tastes, deciding distribution and technology for production and flexible specialization in food production. Koc (2009: 323-335) contributes his perspective on the food crisis issue concurring that economics plays an pivotal role as it is the backbone of current global food system. Establishment of capitalism accompanied by shifts in power among the societal strata is to blame for the food situation that results in crisis. Koc explains a duo-pronged scenario behind the food crisis. These are: protectionist tendencies revolving around monocultures, just-in-time production, niche products, flexible specialization, marketing and profit-informed distribution among others. Secondly, there is the shift in power from the nation-state to corporate enhanced by multinationals and trade and financial organizations which result in wrestling of control of the agri-food sector from the diffuse non-corporate world to few corporate ventures. Moreira (2010: 134-148) also augments the role of economic perspective in food production and distribution in the context of globalization. Moreira explains that a commodity systems model in light of globalization has resulted in competitive advantage going to transnational corporate ventures. This gives them remarkable political and economic leverage power creating oligopolies in the food chain, especially in distribution and retail. Evidence of the Corporate-dependent Food Model Role in the Recent Food Crisis The previous section highlights the central role that corporate inclination in the food system has played in maintaining situations of hunger independent of volume of production as exhibited by mass production, globalization and other processes. To build upon this theoretical perspective, empirical evidence in a historical context needs to be generated. The first empirical piece of evidence is drawn from Cooke and Robles (2009: 3-31) who conducted a time series empirical approach from 2002-2009 to investigate changes in food item prices and relationship to the explanations given to the recent food crisis. From their month to month quantitative analysis, the researchers make striking findings that discount half-truths and exaggerations about the food crisis. For example, the prices of soybeans during the period of investigation fell with increasing oil prices. They provide extensive data on production, demand and prices, indicating that food shortages were not due to decreased production. The prevailing evidence from empirical analysis is that financial activity in future markets and speculation heavily contributed to the food price changes that drove the recent food crisis. This directly backs the theoretical basis of this study that the food sector has undergone commodification into a market item like any other product under the current global food system. Heady, Maliyandi and Fan (2009: 2-3) support the view that shift in the use of corn to bio-fuel was a primary cause of the recent food crisis that peaked in 2008. In the USA, a reaction to the pre-2008 oil price spikes was the emphasis on biofuels, which then led to corn consumption for biofuels rising to a hugely significant 30% of the total production. In 2005-2007, biofuels accounted for 60% shift in demand on global grains produced with nearly 90% of this being due to the USA alone. The consequence of this is not only shortage of grains for human consumption but also increased prices, especially when taking into consideration that grains are the staple food for millions of individuals around the world. Baltzer, Hansen and Lind (2008: 1-34) first reckoned that the recent food crisis was not as a result of shortage of food production but was instead a consequence of restricted access resulting from high prices that weed out majority of consumers who cannot keep up with market forces. It is not also not an isolated case since similar patterns can be observed previously especially during the 1974 food crisis to which several similarities can be drawn all pointing at market forces precipitating a food crisis. This confirms the theoretical bearing of this study. The researchers deduced that global production of cereals has been increasing at about 26 million tons annually. Besides, the total grain production expressed per population gives impressive 2809 calories per person pre-2008 hence the problem is essentially in distribution and access. The data analyzed supports the view that production is sufficient. This problem occurs at the point of distribution where few but strong retailers decide where the produced grain will head. The figures analyzed indicate increased use of grains in animal feeding which supports the view that retailers channel grains to reap from the populations in emerging economies which are shifting towards meat consumption. Heady and Fans (2008: 3-34) study at the height of the recent food crisis explored several themes that point to a situation in which the various explanations behind the food crisis bore different weight in its causation. The factors for the crisis were also to a large extent interrelated but all point to economic considerations playing the central role. They analyzed data on grain prices in a historical context (1960-2008) and weighed the contribution of productivity, weather, demand, hoarding, speculation, interest rates, stocks and biofuel demands. Their study established that productivity and demand were not significant players in the crisis since the implicated countries were largely self-sufficient. However, diversion grain production to biofuels and depreciation of major currencies were found to be key contributors to the crisis. Moreover, it was observed that the rising food prices were not accompanied by improved economic fortunes amongst the producers especially the small scale ones. This indicates the shift in power from producers to corporate retailers. The Recent Food Crisis and Obesity In an interesting twist, data from the CDC indicate that besides suffering economically, the small subsistence farmers from the southern states in the USA are also the ones experiencing what are traditionally considered lifestyle diseases such as obesity. As of 2008, nearly 30% of southerners were obese; startling figures considering that large populations in these states are relatively poorer. Warwick (2010: 103) observes that this is happening while still the southern states are prime agricultural hubs in the USA. He explains that this strange scenario is due to a shift towards mass production and corporatization that has made it easier for whole foods to be grown and transferred to the affluent Northern markets while at the same time making them precious and unaffordable for the home residents. The result is that unhealthy foods are now more accessible and affordable to the poor while the healthy ones are out of their reach, pointing the finger back to the corporate effect on the food system currently in place. Conclusion The evidence provided herein serves to back up the theoretical perspectives given to the effect that a corporate-dependent system in the agri-food sector precipitated the global food crisis which is the thesis of this study. This demonstrated through empirical evidence indicating that production of grain is actually sufficient, but then gets diverted to other uses such as biofuel production and feeding animals to meet the rising consumption of meat.

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In the past year, Napster Inc. has made more than its fair share of headlines in the news. This is not just a result of it becoming another web site that allows online users to chat with one another-but because of the fact that it allows its members to search each other's computers and exchange music stored in the very popular MP3 format. This ability to swap and copy music at an unmonitored rate is what is causing numerous record companies and music artists to become extremely upset with Napster. Most notably, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), rapper Dr. Dre and heavy metal band Metallica have all expressed their views and sued Napster for copyright infringement. They claim that allowing users to exchange their music at this unmonitored rate is equivalent to theft. The underlying reason why the RIAA, Dr. Dre and Metallica are suing Napster is because they are losing income. They claim that every time someone illegally makes a copy of their music and distributes it to someone else, the artists and their copyright association are being deprived of their income. This means that technically, anyone getting or distributing music over the Internet is breaking the law. This is also what makes the lawsuit against Napster pretty tricky. Napster is not buying or selling music over the Internet--it's just the "middle man" that allows users to search for music. But isn't this the same thing as going over to a friend's house and making copies for yourself from his or her own personal collection? A lot of people, including rapper Chuck D and Napster Inc. itself, feel that this is very true, although the RIAA, Dr. Dre and Metallica feel that Napster is violating copyright infringement laws. Napster argues that it only provides a conduit for music and believes that it has done nothing illegal. In other words, by providing this gateway between users, Napster is just allowing more and more people to listen to various artists and acquire more of a "feel" of what each artist has to bring to the marketplace of ideas. Chuck D feels that by keeping Napster online, only positive outcomes will come forth in the future. "We want to draw attention to the positive aspects that Napster has to offer artists. They need to realize that they can benefit infinitely from what is has to offer," he said. He and others feel that Napster encourages and allows more unsigned bands to use the technology to gain more exposure and it gives them the opportunity to release an album in a shorter period of time. This is believed to be very similar to the radio. As Chuck D put it, "We should think of (Napster) as a new kind of radio-a promotional tool that can help artists who don't have the opportunity to get their music played on mainstream radio or on MTV." Napster's CEO Eileen Richardson said, "We believe [that] just like radio, the more people hear songs, the more they want [to] buy the CD." In addition to RIAA and several music artists showing their disproval towards Napster, numerous universities across the nation, including Penn State University, Northwestern and Wesleyan, have all banned student use of Napster. The main argument that these universities are posing against Napster is not that students are creating a black market for illegal copies of digital music, but it is due to the fact that so many students are using the program, and it is using too much of the bandwidths as a result. Napster turns every individual computer running the program into an individual server, very large amounts (roughly 2 - 10 megabytes for each MP3 file) of data are being continuously transferred out onto the network. Now with thousands and thousands of students using this program at once, networks are continuously being clogged, making research and basic Internet use on the Web nearly impossible. Alan Cubbage, Vice President of University Relations at Northwestern University said, "As much as 30 percent of our Internet access was going to this one particular site, and that was causing other access to slow down as a result." Although I don't personally don't use Napster on a regular basis, I do feel that Napster should be kept online. I believe, along with many of my friends, that it allows users a chance to listen to songs more often, which in the long run can only help the music artists and record companies. For example, students who go to schools similar to mine, (Penn State University) that are not close enough to any major cities, aren't able to pick a Hip-Hop and R&B radio station. Thus, the only way to hear new songs is either through tapes and CDs from out of town or by watching music videos. While music videos are a great way to hear a particular song and feel the emotions of the artists, the newest and most recent songs are not always shown through videos. Every time someone hears a song on Napster that they really like, they could be more likely to go out and purchase that CD.

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If an employee decides to dissent, they will do so in one of three distinct ways: articulated, latent or displaced. Articulated dissent involves the direct communication to influence members of an organization. According to Kassing (1998), persons who use articulated dissent express their concerns within their organizations to audiences who can positively influence changes or adjustments, such as direct management, supervisors, and corporate executives or officers. This type of dissent is also more likely to occur when employees feel their opinions are more likely to be perceived as constructive and helpful, as opposed to possibly leading to retaliation or negativity in the work environment. Latent dissent, which is typically the most common, is characterized by employees who express dissent, but do so to ineffective persons or those who do not have the organizational power to resolve the issues, such as co-workers. Kassing noted this type of dissent is usually seen when the employee believes they will be seen as adversarial but still feel the need to have some type of security against potential retaliation. However, dissenters in this group do hold some sort of leverage within the organization, such as family relationships, status in a minority group, seniority or tenure, or expertise that tends to immune them from retaliation. Therefore, employees who exercise latent dissent are most likely to express their dissent amongst audiences who might be captive or potentially influential, although not leaders in the organization. Meanwhile, displaced dissenters represent a group of persons who disagree without attempting to change the workplace situation. These persons differ as they believe their dissent will be viewed as adversarial and will lead to some type of negative workplace situation, including retaliation or job loss. Therefore, these persons express their dissent to both external audiences, such as friends, family and others outside of the work place, and internal audiences who do not have the ability to address the concern directly. These audiences are chosen because the risk of retaliation or loss of job greatly decreases by expressing to these audiences. While dissenting employees tend to find themselves in one of three main categories in expressing their dissent to their possible audiences, Kassing (2000) suggested the employees likely use various types of dissent messages, such as personal-advantage principled dissent, boat rocking and whistle-blowing. Only one study (Croucher et al., 2009) has really looked at organizational dissent outside the United States. This study found slight differences between Americans and Indians in levels of articulated and displaced dissent, with Americans reporting more articulated and Indians more displaced. The authors further encouraged further research on cultural and organizational explanations for differences in levels of dissent. Croucher et al. stated, future work should examine this phenomenon not only in the U.S. but also in different national, ethnic, and religious cultures (187). Therefore, based on the discussion of cultural dimensions and previous findings of differences in organizational dissent in different cultural groups/nations, the following research question is posed to explore how organizational dissent may differ in the U.S., India, and Thailand: RQ1: Levels of organizational dissent will significantly differ between the United States, India, and Thailand. Method Participants and Procedures A total of 1481 individuals participated in this study: India (657), Thailand (232), and the U.S. (592). Table 1 details the demographics of the participants in each nation. Data for the study were collected through paper and online questionnaires distributed in 2009 and 2010 after completion of Institutional Review Board Approval. The principal researcher recruited participants from all the nations through various social networks, with the assistance of religious and non-profit organizations, and at numerous universities in the U.S. (in Ohio and New York), India (in Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmadabad, and Mumbai) and in Thailand (Bangkok). Participants received no financial incentive for participation. Insert Table 1 here Instruments All surveys included demographic questions and the Organizational Dissent Scale. Surveys were prepared in English, Hindi, and Thai. After the instrument was written in English, native speakers of Hindi and Thai translated it. Bilingual speakers then back translated the instruments. All translations were then compared to insure accuracy. Organizational Dissent Scale Kassings (1998) 20-item Organizational Dissent Scale assesses individuals expression of contradictory opinions and disagreements about organizations. For the purpose of this study, individuals were asked to answer the questions about their current employer. The scale measures three types of dissent: articulated, displaced, and latent. The scale ranges from (1) never to (5) always. In the 1998 study, Cronbach alphas were .88 for articulated, .87 for displaced, and .76 for latent dissent. See Table 2 for alphas for this study broken down by nation. Analysis and Results Analysis An analysis of variance was conducted to explore the research question. As the dependent variable in this case is categorical, and the independent variable is continuous, ANOVA is the most appropriate method of analysis. Research Question The research question proposed there would be differences in levels of organizational dissent between India, Thailand, and the U.S. The ANOVA revealed significant differences in levels of dissent between the three groups. The means and standard deviations are displayed in Table 2.